Science Questions and Answer uttar With Interesting facts
This post addresses critical science-related questions about health, nutrition, and diseases, offering insights into human biology and medical science. Topics covered include infectious diseases like malaria and leprosy, nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin A deficiency, and advanced treatments like dialysis and chemotherapy.
These questions highlight the interplay between biology, nutrition, and medical advancements, emphasizing the importance of preventive healthcare and informed lifestyle choices for better health outcomes.
Science Questions Answer With Interesting facts
Each science question is answered with additional details to deepen understanding, making this a valuable resource for students, educators, or anyone interested in health sciences.
1. Which stage of the malaria parasite is infectious? – Sporozoite
Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, is transmitted via the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. The sporozoite stage, residing in the mosquito’s salivary glands, enters the human bloodstream and infects liver cells, later transforming into merozoites that attack red blood cells, causing symptoms like fever and chills.
Significance: Vaccines like RTS,S target sporozoites to prevent malaria infection. Know more – WHO – Malaria
2. What is used in the treatment of cancer? – Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses potent drugs to destroy rapidly dividing cancer cells, often shrinking tumors or eliminating cancer. It may impact healthy cells, causing side effects like hair loss or nausea. Other treatments, including radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies, are tailored to cancer type and stage.
Significance: Personalized treatment plans enhance patient outcomes.
Kwon more National Cancer Institute – Chemotherapy
3. What is ‘blood cancer’ commonly known as? – Leukemia
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow, marked by excessive abnormal white blood cells. Types include acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Symptoms include fatigue, frequent infections, and easy bruising.
Significance: Early detection via blood tests improves survival rates. Leukemia & Lymphoma Society
4. Protein-energy malnutrition results in? – Marasmus
Marasmus is a severe malnutrition condition due to deficiencies in protein and calories, primarily affecting children. It causes extreme weight loss, muscle wasting, and weakened immunity. Kwashiorkor, another form of protein malnutrition, leads to edema and liver enlargement.
Significance : Nutritional interventions and balanced diets can prevent marasmus. UNICEF – Malnutrition
5. Who discovered the leprosy bacillus? – Hansen
Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, discovered by Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen in 1873. It affects the skin, nerves, and mucous membranes. Multi-drug therapy (MDT) has made it fully curable, with free treatment available globally.
Significance: Early treatment prevents disability and reduces stigma.
WHO – Leprosy
6. Thalassemia affects? – Blood
Thalassemia, an inherited blood disorder, results in reduced or abnormal hemoglobin, causing anemia. It includes alpha and beta-thalassemia, with severity depending on gene mutations. Treatments involve blood transfusions, iron chelation, and sometimes bone marrow transplants.
Significance: Genetic counseling and screening aid in prevention.
7. The carrier of sleeping sickness is? – Tsetse Fly
Sleeping sickness, or African trypanosomiasis, is caused by Trypanosoma parasites spread by the tsetse fly (Glossina species). It affects the brain and nervous system, leading to sleep disturbances, coma, or death if untreated. Treatments include drugs like pentamidine.
Significance: Vector control and insecticide-treated nets help prevent transmission.
8. The purification of blood in the human body is called? – Dialysis
Dialysis removes waste and excess fluid from the blood when kidneys fail. It includes hemodialysis (using a machine) and peritoneal dialysis (using the abdominal lining). It’s essential for patients with kidney failure.
Significance: Kidney transplants provide a long-term alternative.
9. How many calories are obtained from drinking a glass of water? – Zero
Plain water has no calories, as it contains no macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, or fats). It supports metabolism, hydration, and digestion. Drinking cold water may slightly increase calorie expenditure via the thermogenic effect.
Significance: Proper hydration prevents dehydration and supports health.
10. An enzyme is a? – Protein
Enzymes are biological catalysts, primarily proteins, that accelerate chemical reactions. Each enzyme is specific to a substrate, e.g., lactase breaks down lactose. Some RNA molecules (ribozymes) also function as enzymes.
Significance: Enzymes are crucial for digestion, DNA replication, and energy production.
11. Golden rice is the richest source of? – Vitamin A
Golden rice is a genetically modified crop engineered to produce beta-carotene, a vitamin A precursor. It combats vitamin A deficiency, which causes night blindness and other health issues in developing countries.
Significance: It addresses malnutrition in regions with limited vitamin A sources.
12. Night blindness is caused by the deficiency of which vitamin? – Vitamin A
Night blindness, an early sign of vitamin A deficiency, impairs rhodopsin production in the retina. Severe deficiency can cause xerophthalmia or blindness. Vitamin A is found in carrots, spinach, and liver.
Significance: Supplementation and dietary improvements prevent deficiency.
13. The highest amount of protein is found in? – Soybean
Soybeans contain 36-40% protein, making them a top plant-based protein source with all essential amino acids. Other protein-rich foods include lentils, peanuts, and meat.
Significance: Protein supports muscle growth, tissue repair, and enzyme production.
14. What is given to an athlete for instant energy? – Glucose
Additional Information: Glucose, a simple sugar, provides rapid energy by entering the bloodstream and fueling cells. Athletes use glucose drinks or dextrose tablets to sustain energy during intense activities.
Significance: Balanced glucose intake prevents energy crashes.
15. The percentage of water in plasma is? – 90%
Blood plasma, the liquid component of blood, is about 90-92% water, with 7% proteins (albumin, globulin) and the rest electrolytes, glucose, and waste. Plasma transports nutrients, hormones, and waste.
Significance: Plasma maintains blood volume and pressure for circulation.
Science Questions Answer Additional Notes
- Health and Nutrition: A balanced diet with sufficient vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients prevents diseases and promotes well-being.
- Disease Prevention: Vaccinations, hygiene, and regular health screenings control diseases like malaria, leprosy, and thalassemia.
- Medical Advancements: Technologies like dialysis, chemotherapy, and genetic therapies have revolutionized treatment for severe conditions.